OK, if things go according to plan, I will be presenting a vice policy paper in May, 2015, so I have to start writing one. Here are my first two self-imposed deadlines:
(1) Short Description of Paper: Wednesday, January 14, 2015
(2) Draft One: Wednesday, February 18, 2015.
Off we go.....
Monday, January 12, 2015
Kidney Update
The (second) kidney paper was written and presented, has been revised, and needs to be revised some more. My goal is to finish the revisions by the end of January and to post the resulting paper on SSRN. Then we will think about potential publishing outlets. Incidentally, the first kidney paper is now published. So, that is the kidney plan for the nonce: revised version, not too embarrassing, due on January 31.
I should report that I have yet to tackle the book I mentioned in the previous post, Sex Cells: The Medical Market for Eggs and Sperm, by Rene Almeling. I don't think that I will be able to get to it in the next few months, alas.
I should report that I have yet to tackle the book I mentioned in the previous post, Sex Cells: The Medical Market for Eggs and Sperm, by Rene Almeling. I don't think that I will be able to get to it in the next few months, alas.
Monday, September 8, 2014
Kidney Failure
Oh no, my deadlines have come and gone. Work on the kidney transplant paper has been minimal. I did make progress on my larger project, however, so I won't claim that all has been unproductive. It does mean that I am well behind on the kidney paper, though. I'd like to have a very rough draft in a few days.
One goal I did reach was to finish reading The Kidney Sellers, by Sigrid Fry-Revere, on the Iranian system(s) of compensated donations. I learned a heap from this fine book. My next reading goal is to take on Sex Cells: The Medical Market for Eggs and Sperm, by Rene Almeling, but I will need a few weeks for this one, I think.
One goal I did reach was to finish reading The Kidney Sellers, by Sigrid Fry-Revere, on the Iranian system(s) of compensated donations. I learned a heap from this fine book. My next reading goal is to take on Sex Cells: The Medical Market for Eggs and Sperm, by Rene Almeling, but I will need a few weeks for this one, I think.
Tuesday, July 15, 2014
The Next Challenge
From Vice to Kidneys. The Five Drafts commitment device, which more-or-less has succeeded for two vice papers, is now being repositioned for a paper offering a behavioral economics take on compensated live kidney donations. One complication/improvement is that this paper involves a mystery co-author, who will be revealed at a later date!
We seem to be having fewer and fewer drafts.....hmmm. Anyway, I am calling for three drafts for this paper, at least for the version that is scheduled to be presented at a conference. Here's the schedule:
Draft One: Saturday, August 2, 2014
Draft Two: Wednesday, August 20, 2014
Draft Three: Wednesday, September 3, 2014.
The main confounding factor is the looming deadline for my larger project. Oh, but I do want to make a kidney reading commitment. I hope, within one week, to complete reading the very interesting book, The Kidney Sellers, by Sigrid Fry-Revere, concerning the Iranian system(s) of compensated donations; it's been a treat so far.
Here's the current abstract:
Healthy adults are allowed, and even encouraged, to donate a kidney to patients in dire need of a functional kidney. The encouragement can take various forms, but under US law (and under the laws of most other jurisdictions), a kidney donor cannot receive any “valuable consideration.” The standard contention that informed, rational, voluntary exchange between adults is mutually (and, absent negative externalities) socially beneficial does not carry the day with respect to current public policy towards compensated kidney donations.
Arguments in support of the ban, then, tend to focus on the extent to which a compensated kidney transfer is informed and voluntary and rational, and on the possibility of negative externalities. Those externalities might be of an abstract nature, such as a view that organ sales are repugnant (Roth, 2007). The wide support that uncompensated kidney donation receives, however, suggests that considerations of coercion, poor information, departures from rationality, and negative externalities are perceived as being more potent in the realm of organ transactions when valuable consideration is added into the mix.
Departures from rationality in individual decision making are the central focus of behavioral economics, and hence behavioral economics has direct applicability to the debate on compensated organ donations. In Beard and Leitzel (2013), we briefly discussed some behavioral influences – risk misperceptions, loss aversion, the endowment effect, and present bias – on the decision to donate a kidney. The goal here is to broaden and deepen that analysis, and to go beyond donors to look at behavioral influences on four other sets of actors: patients and potential patients, family members of patients, organ procurement agents, and physicians and other medical personnel. How does the addition of valuable compensation to organ donors influence the rationality of the decisionmaking of all actors involved in transplants? How can a compensated system be designed to address the concerns that are heightened with respect to kidney sales as opposed to uncompensated donations?
We seem to be having fewer and fewer drafts.....hmmm. Anyway, I am calling for three drafts for this paper, at least for the version that is scheduled to be presented at a conference. Here's the schedule:
Draft One: Saturday, August 2, 2014
Draft Two: Wednesday, August 20, 2014
Draft Three: Wednesday, September 3, 2014.
The main confounding factor is the looming deadline for my larger project. Oh, but I do want to make a kidney reading commitment. I hope, within one week, to complete reading the very interesting book, The Kidney Sellers, by Sigrid Fry-Revere, concerning the Iranian system(s) of compensated donations; it's been a treat so far.
Here's the current abstract:
Healthy adults are allowed, and even encouraged, to donate a kidney to patients in dire need of a functional kidney. The encouragement can take various forms, but under US law (and under the laws of most other jurisdictions), a kidney donor cannot receive any “valuable consideration.” The standard contention that informed, rational, voluntary exchange between adults is mutually (and, absent negative externalities) socially beneficial does not carry the day with respect to current public policy towards compensated kidney donations.
Arguments in support of the ban, then, tend to focus on the extent to which a compensated kidney transfer is informed and voluntary and rational, and on the possibility of negative externalities. Those externalities might be of an abstract nature, such as a view that organ sales are repugnant (Roth, 2007). The wide support that uncompensated kidney donation receives, however, suggests that considerations of coercion, poor information, departures from rationality, and negative externalities are perceived as being more potent in the realm of organ transactions when valuable consideration is added into the mix.
Departures from rationality in individual decision making are the central focus of behavioral economics, and hence behavioral economics has direct applicability to the debate on compensated organ donations. In Beard and Leitzel (2013), we briefly discussed some behavioral influences – risk misperceptions, loss aversion, the endowment effect, and present bias – on the decision to donate a kidney. The goal here is to broaden and deepen that analysis, and to go beyond donors to look at behavioral influences on four other sets of actors: patients and potential patients, family members of patients, organ procurement agents, and physicians and other medical personnel. How does the addition of valuable compensation to organ donors influence the rationality of the decisionmaking of all actors involved in transplants? How can a compensated system be designed to address the concerns that are heightened with respect to kidney sales as opposed to uncompensated donations?
Update on the Four Drafts Paper
Back in early April we posted Draft 3.5a of the handbook chapter on vice regulation. Just wanted to indicate what happened from that point. First, a version nearly identical to Draft 3.5a was sent to the editor of the volume at about the same time that the draft was posted here. A mildly updated version was sent a few weeks later, and that is where things now stand. The editor's initial reaction was rather favorable, so if all goes well, the revisions for the published version will be minimal -- I'll let the devoted Five Drafts reader know about any new developments. But now, I need to set some draft deadlines for another paper....
Monday, April 7, 2014
Draft 3.5(a), Composite
Draft 3.5(a) of Regulating Vice
1.Vice
2. Why Regulate Vice?
3. Surveying the Range of Controls
First half
Second half
4. One Guiding Principle for Vice Regulation
5. Robustly Regulating Casino Gambling
6. Changing Times
7. Vice 3.0
References
1.Vice
2. Why Regulate Vice?
3. Surveying the Range of Controls
First half
Second half
4. One Guiding Principle for Vice Regulation
5. Robustly Regulating Casino Gambling
6. Changing Times
7. Vice 3.0
References
Draft 3.5(a), References
References
Becker, Gary and Kevin Murphy, “A Theory of Rational Addiction.” Journal of Political Economy 96: 675-700, 1988.
Bentham, Jeremy, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. New York: Hafner Press, 1948 [1823].
Bogart, W. A., Permit But Discourage: Regulating Excessive Consumption. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Cook, Philip J., and Michael J. Moore, “The Economics of Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol-Control Policies.” Health Affairs 21(2): 120-133, 2002.
Carpenter, Christopher, and Carlos Dobkin, “The Minimum Legal Drinking Age and Public Health.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 25(2): 133-156, 2011.
Crime in the United States 2012, Federal Bureau of Investigation; available at http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2012/crime-in-the-u.s.-2012/persons-arrested/persons-arrested.
Cunningham, Scott, and Todd D. Kendall, “Prostitution 3.0: A Comment.” Iowa Law Review Bulletin 98: 131-141, 2013.
Cunningham, Scott, and Todd D. Kendall, “Prostitution 2.0: The Changing Face of Sex Work.” Journal of Urban Economics 69(3): 273-287, May 2011.
Federal Bureau of Prisons, Inmate Statistics, Offenses; available at http://www.bop.gov/about/statistics/statistics_inmate_offenses.jsp.
Fong, Timothy W., Michael D. Campos, Mary-Lynn Brecht, et al., “Problem and Pathological Gambling in a Sample of Casino Patrons.” Journal of Gambling Studies 27(1): 35-47, March 2011.
Gruber, Jonathan, “The Economics of Tobacco Regulation.” Health Affairs 21(2): 146-162, 2002.
Gruber, Jonathan, and Botond Köszegi, “Is Addiction ‘Rational’? Theory and Evidence.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 116(4): 1261-1303, November 2001.
Holford, T. R., R. Meza, K. E. Warner, et al., “Tobacco Control and the Reduction in Smoking-Related Premature Deaths in the United States, 1964-2012.” Journal of the American Medical Association 311(2): 164-171, 2014.
Kilmer, Beau, and Keith Humphreys, “Losing Your ‘License to Drink’: The Radical South Dakota Approach to Heavy Drinkers Who Threaten Public Safety.” The Brown Journal of World Affairs 20(1): 267-279, Fall/Winter 2013.
Leitzel, Jim, “Toward Drug Control: Exclusion and Buyer Licensing.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7(1): 99-119, 2013.
Leitzel, Jim, “On Self-exclusion.” Milken Institute Review, 76-81, First Quarter, 2008. Leitzel, Jim, Regulating Vice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Leitzel, Jim, “Secret Deviants.” Carceral Notebooks 2: 121-125, 2006.
MacAndrew, Craig, and Robert B. Edgerton, Drunken Comportment: A Social Explanation. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1969.
MacCoun, Robert J., and Peter Reuter, Drug War Heresies: Learning from Other Vices, Times, and Places. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Mill, John Stuart, On Liberty, edited by Elizabeth Rapaport. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1978 [1859].
Mill, John Stuart, Principles of Political Economy with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy. William J. Ashley, ed., 1909 [1848]. Library of Economics and Liberty; available at http://www.econlib.org/library/Mill/mlP.html.
Ng, M., M. K. Freeman, T. D. Fleming, et al., “Smoking Prevalence and Cigarette Consumption in 187 Countries, 1980-2012.” Journal of the American Medical Association 311(2): 183-192, 2014.
Nelson, Sarah E., Debi A. LaPlante, Allyson J. Peller, et al., “Real Limits in the Virtual World: Self-Limiting Behavior of Internet Gamblers.” Journal of Gambling Studies 24(4): 463-477, December 2008.
Nutt, David, Drugs Without the Hot Air. Cambridge: UIT Cambridge LTD, 2012.
Peppet, Scott R., “Prostitution 3.0?” Iowa Law Review 98, 2013.
Room, Robin, “Individualised control of drinkers: back to the future?” Contemporary Drug Problems 39(2):311-343, 2012.
Smith, Adam, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Edwin Cannan, editor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976 [1776; Cannan edition, 1904].
Spinoza, Benedict de, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, translated from the Latin, with an Introduction by R.H.M. Elwes, vol. 1 Introduction, Tractatus-Theologico-Politicus, Tractatus Politicus. Revised edition (London: George Bell and Sons, 1891 [1670]). Available from The Online Library of Liberty, at http://oll.libertyfund.org/index.php?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php%3Ftitle=1710&Itemid=27#toc_list
Stutz, Howard, “Singapore casinos produce $6 billion in gaming revenue in 2013; market still trails Las Vegas Strip.” Las Vegas Review-Journal, February 21, 2014.
Thaler, Richard H., and Cass R. Sunstein, Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2008.
Thompson, William N., “Handling Corporate Social Responsibility: A Third Way.” Gaming Law Review and Economics 14(5): 355-361, 2010.
Tomkins, S., L. Saburova, N. Kiryanov, et al., “Prevalence and socio-economic distribution of hazardous patterns of alcohol drinking: study of alcohol consumption in men aged 25–54 years in Izhevsk, Russia.” Addiction 102(4): 544-553, 2007.
Weitzer, Ronald, Legalizing Prostitution: From Illicit Vice to Lawful Business. New York University Press, 2012.
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. World Health Organization, updated 2005; available at www.who.int/fctc/text_download/en/.
Williams, R. J., R. A. Volberg, and R. M. G. Stevens, The Population Prevalence of Problem Gambling: Methodological Influences, Standardized Rates, Jurisdictional Differences, and Worldwide Trends. Report prepared for the Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care, May 8, 2012 available at http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3068.
Zimmerman, M., I. Chelminski, and D. Young, “Prevalence and diagnostic correlates of DSM-IV pathological gambling in psychiatric outpatients.” Journal of Gambling Studies 22: 255-262, 2006.
Zinberg, Norman E., Drug, Set, and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984.
Becker, Gary and Kevin Murphy, “A Theory of Rational Addiction.” Journal of Political Economy 96: 675-700, 1988.
Bentham, Jeremy, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. New York: Hafner Press, 1948 [1823].
Bogart, W. A., Permit But Discourage: Regulating Excessive Consumption. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Cook, Philip J., and Michael J. Moore, “The Economics of Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol-Control Policies.” Health Affairs 21(2): 120-133, 2002.
Carpenter, Christopher, and Carlos Dobkin, “The Minimum Legal Drinking Age and Public Health.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 25(2): 133-156, 2011.
Crime in the United States 2012, Federal Bureau of Investigation; available at http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2012/crime-in-the-u.s.-2012/persons-arrested/persons-arrested.
Cunningham, Scott, and Todd D. Kendall, “Prostitution 3.0: A Comment.” Iowa Law Review Bulletin 98: 131-141, 2013.
Cunningham, Scott, and Todd D. Kendall, “Prostitution 2.0: The Changing Face of Sex Work.” Journal of Urban Economics 69(3): 273-287, May 2011.
Federal Bureau of Prisons, Inmate Statistics, Offenses; available at http://www.bop.gov/about/statistics/statistics_inmate_offenses.jsp.
Fong, Timothy W., Michael D. Campos, Mary-Lynn Brecht, et al., “Problem and Pathological Gambling in a Sample of Casino Patrons.” Journal of Gambling Studies 27(1): 35-47, March 2011.
Gruber, Jonathan, “The Economics of Tobacco Regulation.” Health Affairs 21(2): 146-162, 2002.
Gruber, Jonathan, and Botond Köszegi, “Is Addiction ‘Rational’? Theory and Evidence.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 116(4): 1261-1303, November 2001.
Holford, T. R., R. Meza, K. E. Warner, et al., “Tobacco Control and the Reduction in Smoking-Related Premature Deaths in the United States, 1964-2012.” Journal of the American Medical Association 311(2): 164-171, 2014.
Kilmer, Beau, and Keith Humphreys, “Losing Your ‘License to Drink’: The Radical South Dakota Approach to Heavy Drinkers Who Threaten Public Safety.” The Brown Journal of World Affairs 20(1): 267-279, Fall/Winter 2013.
Leitzel, Jim, “Toward Drug Control: Exclusion and Buyer Licensing.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7(1): 99-119, 2013.
Leitzel, Jim, “On Self-exclusion.” Milken Institute Review, 76-81, First Quarter, 2008. Leitzel, Jim, Regulating Vice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Leitzel, Jim, “Secret Deviants.” Carceral Notebooks 2: 121-125, 2006.
MacAndrew, Craig, and Robert B. Edgerton, Drunken Comportment: A Social Explanation. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1969.
MacCoun, Robert J., and Peter Reuter, Drug War Heresies: Learning from Other Vices, Times, and Places. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Mill, John Stuart, On Liberty, edited by Elizabeth Rapaport. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1978 [1859].
Mill, John Stuart, Principles of Political Economy with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy. William J. Ashley, ed., 1909 [1848]. Library of Economics and Liberty; available at http://www.econlib.org/library/Mill/mlP.html.
Ng, M., M. K. Freeman, T. D. Fleming, et al., “Smoking Prevalence and Cigarette Consumption in 187 Countries, 1980-2012.” Journal of the American Medical Association 311(2): 183-192, 2014.
Nelson, Sarah E., Debi A. LaPlante, Allyson J. Peller, et al., “Real Limits in the Virtual World: Self-Limiting Behavior of Internet Gamblers.” Journal of Gambling Studies 24(4): 463-477, December 2008.
Nutt, David, Drugs Without the Hot Air. Cambridge: UIT Cambridge LTD, 2012.
Peppet, Scott R., “Prostitution 3.0?” Iowa Law Review 98, 2013.
Room, Robin, “Individualised control of drinkers: back to the future?” Contemporary Drug Problems 39(2):311-343, 2012.
Smith, Adam, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Edwin Cannan, editor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976 [1776; Cannan edition, 1904].
Spinoza, Benedict de, The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, translated from the Latin, with an Introduction by R.H.M. Elwes, vol. 1 Introduction, Tractatus-Theologico-Politicus, Tractatus Politicus. Revised edition (London: George Bell and Sons, 1891 [1670]). Available from The Online Library of Liberty, at http://oll.libertyfund.org/index.php?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php%3Ftitle=1710&Itemid=27#toc_list
Stutz, Howard, “Singapore casinos produce $6 billion in gaming revenue in 2013; market still trails Las Vegas Strip.” Las Vegas Review-Journal, February 21, 2014.
Thaler, Richard H., and Cass R. Sunstein, Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2008.
Thompson, William N., “Handling Corporate Social Responsibility: A Third Way.” Gaming Law Review and Economics 14(5): 355-361, 2010.
Tomkins, S., L. Saburova, N. Kiryanov, et al., “Prevalence and socio-economic distribution of hazardous patterns of alcohol drinking: study of alcohol consumption in men aged 25–54 years in Izhevsk, Russia.” Addiction 102(4): 544-553, 2007.
Weitzer, Ronald, Legalizing Prostitution: From Illicit Vice to Lawful Business. New York University Press, 2012.
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. World Health Organization, updated 2005; available at www.who.int/fctc/text_download/en/.
Williams, R. J., R. A. Volberg, and R. M. G. Stevens, The Population Prevalence of Problem Gambling: Methodological Influences, Standardized Rates, Jurisdictional Differences, and Worldwide Trends. Report prepared for the Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care, May 8, 2012 available at http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3068.
Zimmerman, M., I. Chelminski, and D. Young, “Prevalence and diagnostic correlates of DSM-IV pathological gambling in psychiatric outpatients.” Journal of Gambling Studies 22: 255-262, 2006.
Zinberg, Norman E., Drug, Set, and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984.
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